Die casting is a relatively new technique (the first presses were built in this century), but has had a very rapid evolution. Under certain conditions it is the most efficient and economic way to transform metals in manufactured goods with a high degree of finish.
The evolution of pressure die casting was determined by the pattern of development of our society, addressed to the production of consumer goods in large series, and finds application in all fields of manufacture of complex products and equipment which use non-ferrous metallic components.
The equipment necessary for the production of die-cast pieces are the specific die-casting machines or simply presses. The term “die-casting” is the abbreviation of fusion under pressure and it refers also to specific process under which the molten alloy is cast into a metallic form (mold) and subject to pressure.
In order of importance compared to the volume of manufactured products, the materials currently die-cast, all belonging to the family of non-ferrous metals and alloys, are:
- Aluminum and its alloys
- Zinc and its alloys
- Copper and its alloys
- Magnesium and its alloys
- Tin and its alloys.
The pressure die-casting has been in the last decade the subject of investigations and studies really substantial. We tried to do a parallel and establish correlations between mechanical and technological characteristics of the pieces and molding conditions, so as to identify the mathematical rules capable of giving to die-casting operation a scientifical nature like any other industrial process.